|
|
Porovnání obtížnosti porodů u různých plemen skotu ve vybraném chovu
Kozlová, Eliška
This bachelor thesis examines the issue of difficult calving depending on breed affiliation and utility type. This work summarizes three basic breeds of different utility types that are bred in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, the work deals with the description of estrous cycle, methods of insemination, the period of gestation and the subsequent parturition. During parturition, emphasis is mainly placed on its progress. Therefore, the work also deals with internal and external factors. These factors aren’t always controllable, but some of them can be influenced by keeper or directly by breeding. Early detection of dead fetus is also important for calving. Whether the calving is assisted and whether any assistance is performed in an appropriate way has a relatively large influence on the course of calving itself. Depending on the extend to which assistance was required, the overall course of the birth is also evaluated. In this work was evaluated the calving process in Czech Fleckvieh and Charolais breeding. Both breeds were kept in the company ZEAS Lysice a.s., which is located in the South Moravian region. The results of the calving process were compared according to breed, year of calving and whether they were first-calf or older cows. The analysis of the data showed a significantly high incidence of the desired calving process in the Charolais breed, up to 99,28 %. Czech Fleckvieh showed a higher incidence of unwanted calving, which was 1,72 %. It also has been proven that older cows calving process was better than heifers. In the analysis of the year of calving, its influence on the course of calving wasn’t proven.
|
|
|
Ekonomické zhodnocení intenzivního výkrmu býků masných plemen skotu
Kosová, Michaela
The diploma thesis deals with the fattening of slaughter bulls of the Aberdeen Angus, Charolais and Limousin breeds from the weight category to slaughter weight. The main goal of this work was to economically evaluate the effectiveness of intensive fattening of beef bulls. A total of 366 animals were monitored in two feedlots. In the practical part, the animals were weighed in different stages of fattening, at the age of 8 and 14 months, and on the basis of these data, an analysis of the influence of the breed was carried out and subsequently the economy of fattening was evaluated. Growth was assessed by average gains for individual breeds and farms. The results show that the breed has a significant effect on the intensity of growth. The results were statistically significantly highest in the Aberdeen Angus breed in the pre-weaning period (1.12 kg/day), but after moving to a barn with intensive fattening, the highest growth intensity was achieved in the Charolais breed (1.61 kg/day). Weight increased linearly with age in all bulls, the highest differences were observed in the Aberdeen Angus and Limousin breeds. After the 1st and 2nd weigh-ins, representatives of the Aberdeen Angus breed (330.02 kg, respectively 579.57 kg) achieved the highest weights, while representatives of the limousine reached the lowest (302.24 kg, respectively 555.27 kg). The absolute highest average daily gains were achieved by bulls of the Charolais breed, in 160 days of intensive fattening, the absolute gain was 255.3 kg. Despite the lowest age, the bulls had the highest weight at the end of fattening, thanks to the high intensity of growth. The highest calculated profit was achieved on Farm A with the Charolais breed (CZK 8,838.37) and on Farm B with the limousine breed (CZK 2,645.6). The costs per feeding day ranged from 89 to 91 CZK.
|
|
|
Use of insemination in beef cattle herds
JANIŠ, Marek
This bachelor thesis deals with the evaluation of the use of insemination in a selected herd of beef cattle. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis characterizes the concepts related to the topic.It describes the anatomy and physiology of the cow, insemination and methods, genomics and current and future trends in the field of insemination. The practical part interprets and evaluates the results of the analysis, which are based on the cow's passport cards and the record of the performance check.
|
|
|
Zhodnocení růstové schopnosti plemene Charolais ve vybraném chovu hospodařícím v systému ekologického zemědělství
Ludvíková, Lenka
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to characterize charolais breed and it's growth ability under the Czech conditions. Review is focused on history of breeding. Closely are described births, growth and exterior appearance. Further the thesis is focused on organic farming and cattle breeding in organic farming. Evaluated results from the growth ability recording scheme on the private Czech organic farm in Vysočina region were described in experimental part of this thesis. It was focused on birth weight, weight in 120 and 210 days. Presented results were comprised with average production in the Czech Republic with the private Czech Organic Farm Lenka Ludvíková. Further the experimental part was focused on the birth processes which were comprised with the Czech Republic. It has been found that charolais from the organic private farm has higher average growth ability compared to the Czech Republic. In the years 2011, 2012, 2013 was measured average birth weight of 47,3 kg for bulls and 43,1 kg for heifers. Average weight at 120 days was 199,3 kg for bulls and 181,6 kg for heifers. Average weight at 210 days was 329,9 kg for bulls and 302,3 kg for heifers. The births were in the monitored farm almost always easy.
|
|
|
Minerální látky ve výživě masného skotu charolais
BÍCOVÁ, Pavla
The thesis deals with the significance of minerals in nutrition of charolais beef cattle. We classify minerals as additives, and they are very important in the nutrition of cattle. They are divided into macronutrients and micronutrients. Their deficit can have negative consequences for fetal development, juvenile growth but also for adults. Nowadays, pastures and forages do not provide enough minerals. It is necessary to supplement them with suitable feed ration and control their amounts in the body. The first part of the thesis focuses on the characteristics of beef cattle. The charolais breed belongs to the most efficient beef cattle but also one of the breeds which are demanding on nutrition. In the second of the thesis, the morphology of the digestive system and its function is described. In the last part, the individual minerals and their application to feed rations of individual categories of cattle are characterized. It is important to deal with the mineral nutrition from the last third of pregnancy, when the nutrition affects the unborn calf the most and has influence on the state of minerals even after its birth. The most common way to supplement minerals at farms is by mineral licks or mineral premixes. The most suitable is to supplement organic minerals, which are more absorbable for the organism than the inorganic ones.
|
|
|
Problematika výkrmu masného skotu kříženců plemene Charolais a kříženců plemene Limousine
KOSTOHRYZ, Jakub
The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to determine the meat yield of fattening bulls in the same breeding conditions and to analyze the reaction of each breed separately to the same level of nutrition. A total of 43 bulls were selected for evaluation, which passed through the farm in Něchov near Trhové Sviny within two years. Groups of bulls were compared according to the year of slaughter, breed and blood share of the breed. Age at slaughter was ascertained and live weight, carcase, daily gain, net gain and SEUROP classification, conformation and fat cover classes were compared ac-cording to different breeds in the same diet. Data processing was performed using the Microsoft Exel program. The average slaughter weight of Charolais hybrids was 733.98 kg at an average slaughter age of 697 days. It was identical with hybrids of the limousine-Ne breed, which reached an average slaughter weight of 741.65 kg. A larger birth was not found in the average carcass weight, which reached 403 kg in the Charolais breed and 407 kg in the Limousine breed. There was always at least one weaker bull in both groups, as well as a bull that exceeded the average of the others. The weak piece in the Charolais breed included a bull with an average daily gain of 683.59 g / day (av-erage 994.82 g / day) and in the limousine breed 749.6 g / day (average 1005.03 g / day). The strong bull had a net gain of 680.58 g / day (average 579.82 g / day) in the Charolais breed and 720 g / day in the limousine (average 585.25 g / day). The classi-fication of carcasses in the SEUROP system was analyzed according to the propor-tion of blood of individual breeds. Charolais crossbreeds with a charolais> 50% share were 100 % included in the AU2 group, on the contrary, with a charolais 50 % blood content in the AU2 group only in 31 % and the rest belonged to the AR2, AO2 groups and one bull was in the BO2 group, for -they was older than two years. The results did not show a statistically large difference between the individual breeds. The difference between the years was also not statistically significant, which indicates the stability of breeding and nutrition conditions. The only difference was between the groups of the breed with different proportions of blood. Individuals with a charolais> 50 % share achieved a better classification in SEUROP than those with a Charolais blood share lower than charolais 50 %. In the limousine breed, the difference in blood ratio was not so drastic, but bulls with a blood ratio of limousine> 50 % reached 17 % of the AE2 group.
|
|
|
Vyhodnocení růstové schopnosti potomstva býků specializovaných masných plemen skotu
Večeře, Martin
The thesis is focused on the growth intensity of Aberdeen Angus, Charolais and Limousine. In experiment A, 152 male animals were monitored. These bulls came from organic and conventional breeding. For bulls, the date of birth, birth weight, father's line, date of sale, and live weight of bulls at sale were followed. Experiment B included 88 female heifers. Within each breed heifers came from conventional and organic breeding. Heifers were monitored for birth date, birth weight, father's line, weight at 120 and 210 days. Significant differences (p < 0.01) were found in the evaluation of the weights of individual monitored parameters between bulls and heifers, which are confirmed by the rule that females have lower birth weight (37 kg) than males (40 kg). However, at 120 days of age, weights were higher in heifers (177 kg) compared to bulls (148 kg). In the evaluation of breeding effect, the highest (p < 0.01) weights were found in Charolais (bulls 163 kg, heifers 187 kg).
|
|
| |
|
|
Analýza užitkovosti u masného skotu plemene Hereford
MAZALOVSKÁ, Lucie
Theme of this work is breeding of cattle meat breed Hereford breed and their crossbreds with Charolais and Czech spotted cattle. We monitored the influence of sex, breed of father and mother, parity and month of calving on the average weight of calves at 120, 210 and 365 days of animal age. Growth of calves in individual cross combinations were evaluated too. The study was performed on the selected herd of 215 pieces of cattle: 85 of Hereford breed, 68 of Charolais breed and 62 of Czech spotted cattle breed. The herd is bred on the private farm with a total area 90ha of pastures located in the South Bohemian village Lhota near Mladosovice. We used information and performance of the herd of cattle between the years: 2017 and 2018. This diploma thesis confirms that higher average weights can be attain as crossbreeding of meat breeds and also by crossbreeds with dual purpose cattle breeds. Calves born in the late months of the year come up to higher average weights too. From the statistical analysis it is possible to prove the influence of the parent combination on the average weights of calves and their weight gains. The lowest weight gains were observed in calves of crossbred combination of Charolais vs. Czech spotted cattle (0.83 kg per day) and the highest values were detected in calves of Charolais vs. Hereford breeds (1 kg per day).
|
|
|
Mateřské chování plemenic skotu po odstavu telat
KACETLOVÁ, Tereza
This thesis is concerned with displays of postweaning maternal behaviour of chosen Charolais cows held in non-milking system. The analysis of the cows was done on the farm located in Vysočina region. The herd consisted of 16 cows, 10 of them were observed after weaning. Ethological observation ran for 3 days, first day for 24 hours, second and third day during the time of daylight. Basal behaviour cathegories were registered use of the interval method and the length of interval was 10 minutes. The vocalization was registered permanently. The results of the observation of four basal behavior cathegories were analyzed comparatively.
|
guest ::
